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Porpita porpita
''Porpita porpita'', commonly known as the blue button, is a marine organism consisting of a colony of hydroids〔("Blue Buttons in Florida." )〕 found in tropical and sub-tropical waters of the Pacific,〔Meinkoch, Norman. "The Audubon Field Guide to North American Seashore Creatures." 1981. New York, New York.〕 Atlantic, and Indian oceans.〔(see distribution at the Encyclopedia of Life )〕 Although it is superficially similar to a jellyfish, each apparent individual is actually a colony of hydrozoan polyps. The blue button is a Chondrophore, which is a group of cnidarians that also includes ''Velella'' and ''Porpema''. The chondrophores are similar to the better-known siphonophores, which includes the Portuguese Man o' War.
==Characteristics==
The blue button lives on the surface of the sea and consists of two main parts: the float and the hydroid colony. The hard golden-brown float is round, almost flat, and about one inch wide. The hydroid colony, which can range from bright blue turquoise to yellow, resembles tentacles like those of the jellyfish.〔("Identification Chart for Jellies." )〕 Each strand has numerous branchlets, each of which ends in knobs of stinging cells called nematocysts. The blue button sting is not powerful but may cause irritation to human skin.〔
The blue button itself is a passive drifter, and is part of the neustonic food web. It is preyed on by the sea slug ''Glaucus atlanticus'' (sea swallow or blue glaucus) and violet sea-snails of the genus ''Janthina''.〔Hayward P.J. & Ryland J.S. (1990). ''The Marine Fauna of the British Isles and North-West Europe. Volume 2 - Molluscs to Chordates.'' page 681. Clarendon Press, Oxford. ISBN 0-19-857515-7〕 It competes with other drifters for food and mainly feeds on copepods and crustacean larvae.〔Bieri, R. 1970. The food of ''Porpita'' and niche separation in three neuston coelenterates. ''Publications of the Seto Marine Biological Laboratory'' 17 (5): 305-307.〕 The blue button has a single mouth located beneath the float, which is used for both the intake of prey and the expulsion of wastes.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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